Advances in imaging have made dramatic differences in the diagnosis, understanding, and treatment of CNS disease, but peripheral nerve imaging remains uncommon. Electrodiagnostic tests, such as nerve conduction studies and electromyography, are the primary means of diagnosis, providing functional but not structural information. Imaging has been limited by the small cross-sectional size of peripheral nerves (e.g., <10 mm2 for the normal median nerve), and their often-tortuous anatomical paths. Over the last decade, technological developments in high-resolution ultrasound (US) and MRI have helped to overcome these obstacles, but which method is superior?
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