National Variability in Intracranial Pressure Monitoring and Craniotomy for Children With Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Neurosurgery - Current Issue
BACKGROUND:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant cause of mortality and disability in children. Intracranial pressure monitoring (ICPM) and craniotomy/craniectomy (CRANI) may affect outcomes. Sources of variability in the use of these interventions remain incompletely understood. OBJECTIVE:To analyze sources of variability in the use of ICPM and CRANI. METHODS:Retrospective cross-sectional study of patients with moderate/severe pediatric TBI with the use of data submitted to the American College of Surgeons National Trauma Databank. RESULTS:We analyzed data from 7140 children at 156 US hospitals during 7 continuous years. Of the children, 27.4% had ICPM, whereas 11.7% had a CRANI. Infants had lower rates of ICPM and CRANI than older children. A lower rate of ICPM was observed among children hospitalized at combined pediatric/adult trauma centers than among children treated at adult-only trauma centers (relative risk = 0.80; 95% confidence interval 0.66-0.97). For ICPM and CRANI, 18.5% and 11.6%, respectively, of residual model variance was explained by between-hospital variation in care delivery, but almost no correlation was observed between within-hospital tendency toward performing these procedures. CONCLUSION:Infants received less ICPM than older children, and children hospitalized at pediatric trauma centers received less ICPM than children at adult-only trauma centers. In addition, significant between-hospital variability existed in the delivery of ICPM and CRANI to children with moderate-severe TBI. ABBREVIATIONS:AIS, Abbreviated Injury ScoreCRANI, craniotomy/craniectomyGCS, Glasgow Coma ScoreICD-9-CM,International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical ModificationICP, intracranial pressureICPM, intracranial pressure monitoringISS, Injury Severity ScoreNTDB, National Trauma DatabankTBI, traumatic brain injuryOriginal Article: http://journals.lww.com/neurosurgery/Fulltext/2013/11000/National_Variability_in_Intracranial_Pressure.2.aspx
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