Wednesday, April 23, 2014

Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Review of Neurosurgical Applications

Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Review of Neurosurgical Applications
Neurosurgery - Current Issue

image Recent research in brain imaging has highlighted the role of different neural networks in the resting state (ie, no task) in which the brain displays spontaneous low-frequency neuronal oscillations. These can be indirectly measured with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, and functional connectivity can be inferred as the spatiotemporal correlations of this signal. This technique has proliferated in recent years and has allowed the noninvasive investigation of large-scale, distributed functional networks. In this review, we give a brief overview of resting-state networks and examine the use of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging in neurosurgical contexts, specifically with respect to neurooncology, epilepsy surgery, and deep brain stimulation. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages compared with task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging, the limitations of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, and the emerging directions of this relatively new technology. ABBREVIATIONS: BOLD, blood oxygen level-dependent DBS, deep brain stimulation ICA, independent component analysis MTLE, medial temporal lobe epilepsy ROI, region of interest rs-fMRI, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging RSN, resting-state network

Original Article: http://journals.lww.com/neurosurgery/Fulltext/2014/05000/Resting_State_Functional_Magnetic_Resonance.1.aspx

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